Lighting, Motors, and Transformers

**Form Lighting Checklist (LTG-CHK), Form Motor Checklist (MECH-MOT)**

1501 Scope: Interior and exterior lighting, electric motors, and transformers shall comply with the requirements of this chapter.

SECTION 1510 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:
Lighting and motors shall comply with Sections 1511 through 1514. Lighting systems **CAM 405; Website Lighting Design Lab** shall comply with one of the following paths:

1. Prescriptive Lighting Option:
   Interior Section 1521, or
   Exterior Section 1522.
2. Lighting Power Allowance Option:
   Interior Section 1531, or
   Exterior Section 1532.
3. Systems Analysis. See Section 1141.4.

The compliance path selected for interior and exterior lighting need not be the same. However, interior and exterior lighting cannot be traded.

Transformers shall comply with Section 1540.

Figure 15A - Lighting, Motor, and Transformer Compliance Options

1511 Electric Motors: All permanently wired polyphase motors of 1 hp or more, which are not part of an HVAC system, shall comply with Section 1437. **Form Motor Checklist (MECH-MOT)**

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Motors that are an integral part of specialized process equipment.
2. Where the motor is integral to a listed piece of equipment for which no complying motor has been approved.

1512 Exempt Lighting: The use of these exemptions is at the applicant's option.

1512.1 Exempt Spaces: The following rooms, spaces and areas, are exempt from the lighting power requirements in Sections 1520 through 1522 and 1530 through 1532 but shall comply with all other requirements of this chapter.

1. Areas in which medical or dental tasks are performed Reserved.
2. High risk security areas or any area identified by building officials as requiring additional lighting.
3. Spaces designed for primary use by the visually impaired, or hard of hearing (lip-reading) or by senior citizens.
4. Food preparation areas Reserved.
5. Electrical/mechanical equipment rooms.
6. Inspection and restoration areas in galleries and museums Reserved.
7. The sanctuary portion of a house of worship, defined as the space or room where the worship service takes place. Classrooms, meeting rooms, offices and multipurpose rooms that are part of the same facility are not exempt.

1512.2 Exempt Lighting Equipment: The following lighting equipment and tasks are exempt from the lighting requirements of Section 1520 through 1522 and need not be included when calculating the installed lighting power under Section 1530 through 1532 but shall comply with all other requirements of this chapter. All other lighting in areas that are not exempted by Section 1512.2, where exempt tasks and equipment are used, shall comply with all of the requirements of this chapter.

1. Special lighting needs for research.
2. Emergency lighting that is automatically OFF during normal building operation.
3. Lighting that is part of machines, equipment or furniture.
4. Lighting that is used solely for indoor plant growth during the hours of 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. However, such lighting shall not be exempt unless it is in addition to general area lighting, is located in a separate fixture, and is controlled by an independent control device.
5. Lighting for theatrical productions, television broadcasting (including sports facilities), audio-visual presentations and special effects lighting for stage areas and dance floors in entertainment facilities. However, such lighting shall not be exempt unless it is in addition to general area lighting, is located in a separate fixture, and is controlled by an independent control device.
6. Lighting in galleries, museums and in main building entry lobbies for art exhibits, non-retail displays, portable plug in display fixtures and show case lighting inspection, and restoration. However, such lighting shall not be exempt unless it is in addition to general area lighting, is located in a separate fixture, and is controlled by an independent control device.
7. Lighting specifically designed for use only during medical or dental procedures and lighting integral to medical equipment. However, such lighting shall not be exempt unless it is in addition to general area lighting, designed specifically for medical lighting, and is controlled by an independent control device.
8. Lighting integral to or specifically for food warming and food preparation equipment. However, such lighting shall not be exempt unless it is in addition to general area lighting, is located in a separate fixture, and is controlled by an independent control device.
9. Audio-visual and video-conferencing lighting with multi-level or dimming controls in rooms with permanently installed audio-visual equipment or video-conferencing equipment.
10. Permanently-installed undershelf or undercabinet lighting that has an automatic shutoff control device integral to or is directly attached to the luminaires or is automatically controlled by a wall-mounted control device that turns off the lighting whenever that particular space is unoccupied. Other permanently-installed undershelf or undercabinet lighting that is not automatically controlled is not exempt and shall be included when determining compliance with the lighting requirements of Section 1520 through 1522 and Section 1530 through 1532.

1513 Lighting Controls: Lighting, including exempt lighting in Section 1512, shall comply with this section. Where occupancy sensors are cited, they shall have the features listed in Section 1513.6.1. Where automatic time switches are cited, they shall have the features listed in Section 1513.6.2.

1513.1 Local Control and Accessibility: Each space, enclosed by walls or ceiling-height partitions, shall be provided with lighting controls located within that space. The lighting controls, whether one or more, shall be capable of turning off all lights within the space. The controls shall be readily accessible, at the point of entry/exit, to personnel occupying or using the space.

EXCEPTIONS: The following lighting controls may be centralized in remote locations:

1. Lighting controls for spaces which must be used as a whole.
2. Automatic controls, when provided in addition to manual controls, need not be accessible to the users and may be centralized in a remote location.
3. Controls requiring trained operators.
4. Controls for safety hazards and security.

1513.2 Area Controls: The maximum lighting power that may be controlled from a single switch or automatic control shall not exceed that which is provided by a 20 ampere circuit loaded to not more than 80%. A master control may be installed provided the individual switches retain their capability to function independently. Circuit breakers may not be used as the sole means of switching.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Industrial or manufacturing process areas, as may be required for production.
2. Areas less than 5% of the building footprint for footprints over 100,000 ft².

1513.3 Daylight Zone Control: Lighting in all daylighted zones, as defined in Chapter 2 (see Exhibits 1513.3a and 1513.3b, both under overhead glazing and adjacent to vertical glazing, shall be provided with controls that comply with Sections 1513.3.1 and 1513.3.2individual controls, or daylight- or occupant-sensing automatic controls, which control the lights independent of general area lighting.

1513.3.1 Separate Control: Daylight zones shall have controls which control the lights independent of general area lighting.

Contiguous daylight zones adjacent to vertical glazing are allowed to be controlled by a single controlling device provided that they do not include zones facing more than two adjacent cardinal orientations (i.e. north, east, south, west). Daylight zones under overhead glazing more than 15 feet from the perimeter shall be controlled separately from daylight zones adjacent to vertical glazing. For daylight zones under overhead glazing that exceed 5,000 square feet, there must be at least two independent photocontrol systems with each system having a dedicated photosensor.

EXCEPTION: Daylight spaces enclosed by walls or ceiling height partitions and containing 2 or fewer light fixtures are not required to have a separate switch for general area lighting.

1513.3.2 Automatic Control: Daylight zones shall have controls which automatically reduce lighting power in response to available daylight by either:

1. a combination of dimming ballasts and daylight-sensing automatic controls, which are capable of dimming the lights continuously, or
2. a combination of stepped switching and daylight-sensing automatic controls, which are capable of incrementally reducing the light level in steps automatically and turning the lights off automatically.

Any switching devices installed to override the automatic daylighting control shall comply with the criteria in Section 1513.6.2a-e.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. The following are exempt from the requirements for automatic daylighting controls in Section 1513.3.2:
2. 1. retail spaces adjacent to vertical glazing (retail spaces under overhead glazing are not exempt),
   2. lighting exempted by Section 1512, and
   3. display, exhibition, and specialty lighting complying with Section 1513.4.

2. The following spaces are exempt from the requirements for automatic daylighting controls in Section 1513.3.2 provided that they have occupancy sensor controls that comply with Section 1513.6.1:

1. small spaces in the daylight zone that are normally unoccupied (such as a storage room with a window, or restrooms),
2. rooms less than 300 square feet, and
3. conference rooms 300 square feet and larger that have a lighting control system with at least four scene options.

3. HID lamps with automatic controls that are capable of reducing the power consumption by at least 50% in lieu of continuous dimming controls in 1513.3.2.
4. HID lamps 150 watts or less are exempt from the dimming requirements in 1513.3.2.

Exhibit 1513.3a

(Click on image for a larger version)

Exhibit 1513.3b

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1513.4 Display, Exhibition and Specialty Lighting Controls: All display, exhibition or specialty lighting shall be controlled independently of general area lighting.

1513.5 Automatic Shut-off Controls, Exterior: Lighting for all exterior applications shall have automatic controls capable of turning off exterior lighting when sufficient daylight is available or when the lighting is not required during nighttime hours. Lighting not designated for dusk-to-dawn operation shall be controlled by either:

1. A combination of a photosensor and a time switch; or
2. An astronomical time switch.

Lighting designated for dusk-to-dawn operation shall be controlled by an astronomical time switch or photosensor. All time switches shall be capable of retaining programming and the time setting during loss of power for a period of at least 10 hours.

EXCEPTION:  Lighting for covered vehicle entrances or exits from buildings or parking structures where required for safety, security, or eye adaptation.

1513.6 Automatic Shut-Off Controls, Interior: Buildings greater than 5,000 ft² and all school classrooms shall be equipped with separate automatic controls to shut off the lighting during unoccupied hours. >Within these buildings, all office areas less than 300ft² enclosed by walls or ceiling-height partitions, and all meeting and conference rooms, and all school classrooms, shall be equipped with occupancy sensors that comply with Section 1513.6.1. For other spaces, automatic controls may be an occupancy sensor, time switch or other device capable of automatically shutting off lighting that complies with Section 1513.6.1 or 1513.6.2.

EXCEPTIONS:

1. Areas that must be continuously illuminated (e.g. 24-hour convenience stores), or illuminated in a manner requiring manual operation of the lighting.
2. Emergency lighting systems.
3. Switching for industrial or manufacturing process facilities as may be required for production.
4. Hospitals and laboratory spaces.
5. Areas in which medical or dental tasks are performed are exempted from the occupancy sensor requirement.

1513.6.1 Occupancy Sensors: Occupancy sensors shall be capable of automatically turning off all the lights in an area, no more than 30 minutes after the area has been vacated. Lighting fixtures controlled by occupancy sensors shall have a wall-mounted, manual switch capable of turning off lights when the space is occupied.

EXCEPTION: Occupancy sensors in stairwells are allowed to have two step lighting (high-light and low-light) provided the control fails in the high-light position.

1513.6.2 Automatic Time Switches: Automatic time switches shall have a minimum 7 day clock and be capable of being set for 7 different day types per week and incorporate an automatic holiday "shut-off" feature, which turns off all loads for at least 24 hours and then resumes normally scheduled operations. Automatic time switches shall also have program back-up capabilities, which prevent the loss of program and time settings for at least 10 hours, if power is interrupted.

Automatic time switches shall incorporate an over-ride switching device which:

1. is readily accessible;
2. is located so that a person using the device can see the lights or the areas controlled by the switch, or so that the area being illuminated is annunciated;
3. is manually operated;
4. allows the lighting to remain on for no more than 2 hours when an over-ride is initiated; and
5. controls an area not exceeding 5,000 ft² or 5% of footprint for footprints over 100,000 ft², whichever is greater.

1513.7 Commissioning Requirements: **CAM 419; Seattle City Light; Website PECI, Website Oregon Office of Energy** For lighting controls which include daylight or occupant sensing controls, automatic shut-off controls, occupancy sensors, or automatic time switches, the lighting controls shall be tested to ensure that control devices, components, equipment and systems are calibrated, adjusted and operate in accord with approved plans and specifications. Sequences of operation shall be functionally tested to ensure they operate in accord with approved plans and specifications. A complete report of test procedures and results shall be prepared and filed with the owner. Drawing notes shall require commissioning in accordance with this paragraph.

1514 Exit Signs: Exit signs shall have an input power demand of 5 Watts or less per sign.

SECTION 1520 - PRESCRIPTIVE LIGHTING OPTION
**CAM 405; Form Lighting Summary Form; Website Lighting Design Lab **

1521 Prescriptive Interior Lighting Requirements: Spaces for which the Unit Lighting Power Allowance in Table 15-1 is 0.80 W/ft² or greater may use unlimited numbers of lighting fixtures and lighting energy, provided that the installed lighting fixtures comply with all four of the following criteria:

1. are one- or two-lamp (but not three- or more lamp);
2. luminaires that have a reflector or louver assembly to direct the light) bare lamp strip or industrial fixtures do not comply with this section);
3. fitted with type T-1, T-2, T-4, T-5, T-8 or compact fluorescent lamps from 5 to 60 watts (but not T-10 or T-12 lamps); and
4. hard-wired fluorescent electronic dimming ballasts with photocell or programmable dimming control for all lamps in all zones (non-dimming electronic ballasts and electronic ballasts that screw into medium base sockets do not comply with this section).

Track lighting is not allowed under this path.

EXCEPTIONS: 

1. Up to a total of 5% of installed lighting fixtures may use any type of ballasted lamp and do not require dimming controls.
2. Clear safety lenses are allowed in food prep and serving areas and patient care areas in otherwise compliant fixtures.
3. LED lights.
4. Metal halide lighting which complies with all three of the following criteria:
   1. luminaires or lamps which have a reflector or louver assembly to direct the light;
   2. fixtures are fitted with ceramic metal halide lamps not exceeding 150 watts; and
   3. electronic ballasts.

1522 Prescriptive Exterior Lighting Requirements: See Section 1532.

SECTION 1530 - LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE OPTION
**CAM 405; Form Lighting Summary Form; Website Lighting Design Lab **

The installed lighting wattage shall not exceed the lighting power allowance. Lighting wattage includes lamp and ballast wattage.

Luminaire wattage incorporated into the installed interior lighting power shall be determined in accordance with the following criteria:

1. The wattage of incandescent or tungsten-halogen luminaires with medium screw base sockets and not containing permanently installed ballasts shall be the maximum labeled wattage of the luminaire.
2. The wattage of luminaires with permanently installed or remote ballasts or transformers shall be the operating input wattage of the maximum lamp/auxiliary combination based on values from the auxiliary manufacturer’s literature or recognized testing laboratories or shall be the maximum labeled wattage of the luminaire.
3. For line voltage track and plug-in busway, designed to allow the addition and/or relocation of luminaires without altering the wiring of the system, the wattage shall be:

1. The specified wattage of the luminaires included in the system with a minimum of 50 watts per lineal foot of track or actual luminaire wattage, whichever is greater.
2. The wattage limit of permanent current limiting device(s) on the system.

4. The wattage of low-voltage lighting track, cable conductor, rail conductor, and other flexible lighting systems that allow the addition and/or relocation of luminaires without altering the wiring of the system shall be the specified wattage of the transformer supplying the system.
5. The wattage of all other miscellaneous lighting equipment shall be the specified wattage of the lighting equipment.

No credit towards compliance with the lighting power allowances shall be given for the use of any controls, automatic or otherwise.

1531 Interior Lighting Power Allowance: **CAM 405; Form Lighting Summary Form; Website Lighting Design Lab** The interior lighting power allowance shall be calculated by multiplying the gross interior floor area, in square feet, by the appropriate unit lighting power allowance, in watts per square foot, for the use as specified in Table 15-1. Accessory uses, including corridors, lobbies and toilet facilities shall be included with the primary use.

The lighting power allowance for each use shall be separately calculated and summed to obtain the interior lighting power allowance.

In cases where a lighting plan for only a portion of a building is submitted, the interior lighting power allowance shall be based on the gross interior area covered by the plan. Plans submitted for common areas only, including corridors, lobbies and toilet facilities shall use the lighting power allowance for common areas in Table 15-1.

When insufficient information is known about the specific use of the space, the allowance shall be based on the apparent intended use of the space.

1532 Exterior Lighting Power Allowance: **CAM 405; Form Lighting Summary Form; Website Lighting Design Lab** The exterior lighting power allowance shall be calculated separately for (1) covered parking, and (2) outdoor parking, outdoor areas and building exteriors. The lighting in these two areas shall not be traded.

The lighting allowance for covered parking shall be 0.20 W/ft², and the allowance for open parking and outdoor areas shall be 0.15 W/ft². For open parking and outdoor areas and roadways, luminaires mounted above 15 feet shall meet IESNA requirements for Full Cutoff Luminaires.  (Full Cutoff means a luminaire light distribution where zero candela intensity occurs at an angle of 90 degrees above nadir, and all greater angles from nadir.)

The lighting allowance for building exteriors and externally-illuminated signs (including billboards) shall be calculated either by multiplying the building facade area that is illuminated by 0.15 W/ft² or multiplying the building perimeter in feet by 7.5 watts per lineal foot. Any building exterior lighting that exceeds 7.5 watts per lineal foot of total building perimeter is not allowed to be traded with other lighting areas.

EXCEPTIONS: 

1. Group U occupancy accessory to Group R-3 or R-4 occupancy.
2. The top level of a parking garage is allowed to be included with the covered parking garage category provided that the luminaires on the top level meet IESNA requirements for Full Cutoff Luminaires.
3. For the gas station pump area under canopy only, 1.00 W/ft² may be used.  For automobile sales area only, and for other exterior retail sales, including but not limited to gardening supplies, 0.50 W/ft² may be used.

All exterior building grounds luminaires that operate at greater than 100 watts shall contain lamps having a minimum efficacy of 60 lm/W unless the luminaire is controlled by a motion sensor or qualifies for one of the following exceptions.

The total exterior lighting power allowance for all exterior building applications is the sum of the individual lighting power densities permitted in Table 15-2 for these applications. Trade-offs are allowed only among exterior lighting applications listed in the Table 15-2 “Tradable Surfaces” section.

EXCEPTION: Lighting used for the following exterior applications is exempt when equipped with a control device independent of the control of the nonexempt lighting:

1. Specialized signal, directional, and marker lighting associated with transportation.
2. Lighting integral to signs.
3. Lighting integral to equipment or instrumentation and installed by its manufacturer.
4. Lighting for theatrical purposes, including performance, stage, film production, and video production.
5. Lighting for athletic playing areas.
6. Temporary lighting.
7. Lighting for industrial production. 
8. Theme elements in theme/amusement parks.
9. Lighting used to highlight features of public monuments.
10. Group U Occupancy accessory to Group R-3 or R-4 Occupancy.

SECTION 1540 - TRANSFORMERS: **EnergyStar transformer website; minimum efficiency requirements; product listings**

The minimum efficiency of a low voltage dry-type distribution transformer shall be the Class I Efficiency Levels for distribution transformers specified in Table 4-2 of the “Guide for Determining Energy Efficiency for Distribution Transformers” published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA TP-1-2002).

TABLE 15-1 - Unit Lighting Power Allowance (LPA)
**CAM 405; Form Lighting Summary Form; Website Lighting Design Lab **

TABLE 15-2 - Lighting Power Densities for Building Exteriors